Housing Finance Policy

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A. Legal and Regulatory Framework

A.1 Legal and Regulatory Framework
VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
Basis of the legal system: Civil, Common, Islamic, Other? (Describe)CivilCivilCivil
CIA World Factbook
A.1.1
Are there specific laws that deal with mortgages? YesYesYes
SP Global
A.1.2
Registration/Transfer of titles:A.1.3
Does the law clearly define different types of property rights?YesYesYes
Thomson Reuters Westlaw
A.1.3.1
 Are property rights easily transferable?YesYesYes
Thomson Reuters Westlaw
A.1.3.2
Typical number of days needed for the transfer of title777
WDI
A.1.3.4
Can liens be effectively enforced?YesYesYes
European University Institute
A.1.4
Number of months until lender acquires the property in case of foreclosure on a single-family residential property?Not availableNot availableNot available
 
A.1.4.1
Cost of foreclosure process as a percentage of the value of a typical loan? Not availableNot availableNot available
 
A.1.4.2
Are there legal constraints on the types of mortgage products that are permitted?YesYesYes
Research
A.1.5
Are there legal constraints on mortgage features?YesYesYes
Sweden FSA
A.1.6
Interest rate capsNoNoNo
Riksbank
A.1.6.1
Loan-to-Value capYesYesYes
Sweden FSA
A.1.6.2
Payment-to-Income maximumNoNoNo
Sweden FSA
A.1.6.3
OtherYesYesYes
Research
A.1.6.4
Are there consumer rights for mortgage lending? YesYesYes
Sweden FSA and Europa.eu
A.1.7
Are there disclosure requirements for mortgage lending?YesYesYes
Europa.eu
A.1.8
Is there specialized legislation covering:A.1.9
Issuance of covered mortgage bondsYesYesYes
Riksbank and European Covered Bond Council
A.1.9.1
Issuance of RMBSYesYesYes
Mannheimer Swartling Law Firm
A.1.9.2
B. Housing Finance Subsidies
B.1 Subsidies to Housing Finance Institutions
VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
Are there subsidized funding sources for mortgage lenders?Not availableNot availableNot available
 
B.1.1
Is the lending side of the housing finance system subsidized?Not availableNot availableNot available
 
B.1.2
B.2 Subsidies to Households
VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
Are there subsidies to households on housing finance?YesYesYes
Hypostat 2019
B.2.1
Interest rate subsidies by special government fundsNoNoNo
Boston Federal Reserve
B.2.1.1
Buy-down of monthly/interest paymentsNoNoNo
Hypostat 2019
B.2.1.2
Down-payment subsidies NoNoNo
Hypostat 2019
B.2.1.3
Subsidies to savings for mortgage loansNoNoNo
Hypostat 2019
B.2.1.4
Mortgage interest deductibility from income taxYesYesYes
Hypostat 2019
B.2.1.5
Reach of subsidies in 2.1.1 to 2.1.4 ?B.2.2
What proportion of loans on main residences is affected by the mortgage interest deductability in 2.1.5?  100%
Country Editor
B.2.3
C. Taxation
VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
What taxes apply to Residential Real Estate?C.1
Tax on property (home-owners)  YesYes
Global Property Guide
C.1.1
Property transaction taxes (purchase/selling) YesYes
Global Property Guide
C.1.2
Mortgage transaction taxes  Yes
Country Editor
C.1.3
Tax on mortgage interest pmts  No
Country Editor
C.1.4
Tax on capital gains on property  YesYes
Global Property Guide
C.1.5
Other YesYes
Global Property Guide
C.1.6
Are there tax benefits on rental properties?  No
Country Editor
C.2
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Notes: 1.5% of price plus the listed title fee.
Notes: 1.5% of price plus the listed title fee.
Notes: 1.5% of price plus the listed title fee.
Notes: 2% of mortgage plus listed fee
Notes: 2% of mortgage plus listed fee
Notes: 2% of mortgage plus the listed fee
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: A 30% deduction of the borrower's interest payments is allowed.
Notes: A 30% deduction of the borrower's interest payments is allowed.
Notes: According to the FSA FI 2017 Analysis, most, but not all, of the banks offer unsecured loans for the portion of the loan-to-value ratio that exceeds 85 per cent. The banks report that borrowers must meet very high requirements if they are to be granted a loan exceeding 85 per cent of the loan-to-value ratio.
Notes: According to the FSA FI 2017 Analysis, most, but not all, of the banks offer unsecured loans for the portion of the loan-to-value ratio that exceeds 85 per cent. The banks report that borrowers must meet very high requirements if they are to be granted a loan exceeding 85 per cent of the loan-to-value ratio.
Notes: According to the FSA FI 2017 Analysis, most, but not all, of the banks offer unsecured loans for the portion of the loan-to-value ratio that exceeds 85 per cent. The banks report that borrowers must meet very high requirements if they are to be granted a loan exceeding 85 per cent of the loan-to-value ratio.
Notes: Actual value is -0.29%
Notes: Actual value is -0.50%
Notes: Actual value is -0.50%
Notes: Actual value is -0.66%
Notes: Actual value is -0.66%
Notes: All with an income may deduct
Notes: All with an income may deduct
Notes: All with an income may deduct
Notes: Banks use "left to live one"calculations. These depend partly on income but also number of children, number of people in the households, expenses etc.
Notes: Borrowers are allowed to deduct 30% of the interest payments from their tax payments.
Notes: Capital gains are taxed at a flat rate of 30%. This amount is assessed on 73.33% of selling price minus acquisition price, improvement costs, and repair costs
Notes: Capital gains are taxed at a flat rate of 30%. This amount is assessed on 73.33% of selling price minus acquisition price, improvement costs, and repair costs 
Notes: Capital gains are taxed at a flat rate of 30%. This amount is assessed on 73.33% of selling price minus acquisition price, improvement costs, and repair costs.
Notes: Close to 0
Notes: Covered Bonds Act
Notes: Creditworthiness assessment, disclosure of income
Notes: Data on Stockholm, Sweden's capital. Individual's median income multiplied by average household size, converted to USD
Notes: Data on Stockholm, Sweden's capital. Individual's median income multiplied by average household size, converted to USD
Notes: Data on Stockholm, Sweden's capital. Individual's median income multiplied by average household size, converted to USD
Notes: Data on Stockholm, Sweden's capital. Individual's median income multiplied by average household size, converted to USD 
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 2,223,198 SEK Millions
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 1,039,338 SEK Millions
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 1,199,972 SEK Millions
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 1,362,411 SEK Millions
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 1,534,142 SEK Millions
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 1,686,399 SEK Millions
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 1,856,770 SEK Millions
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 2,016,525 SEK Millions
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 2,125,706 SEK Millions
Notes: Financial Market Statistics - Table 4.8 MFIs' lending for housing loans to Swedish households broken down by maturity. 894,562 SEK Millions
Notes: House owners are allowed to obtain direct housing subsidies, but it is mainly renters who use (and can use) this possibility. The rules are rather strict. Housing subsidies/ interest rate deductions: http://www.forsakringskassan.se/sprak/eng http://www.skatteverket.se/
Notes: House owners are allowed to obtain direct housing subsidies, but it is mainly renters who use (and can use) this possibility. The rules are rather strict. Housing subsidies/ interest rate deductions: http://www.forsakringskassan.se/sprak/eng http://www.skatteverket.se/
Notes: House owners are allowed to obtain direct housing subsidies, but it is mainly renters who use (and can use) this possibility. The rules are rather strict. Housing subsidies/ interest rate deductions: http://www.forsakringskassan.se/sprak/eng http://www.skatteverket.se/
Notes: In 2016, a new law was passed to cap the maximum term to 105 years
Notes: In 2016, a new law was passed to cap the maximum term to 105 years
Notes: In 2016, a new law was passed to cap the maximum term to 105 years  
Notes: In May 2016, new changes to the Covered Bond Act required issuers to have a regulatory over collateralization of over 2%
Notes: Maximum term is 105 years
Notes: Maximum term is 105 years
Notes: Maximum term is 105 years
Notes: Median disposable income in all household types
Notes: Median disposable income in all household types
Notes: Median disposable income in all household types
Notes: Median disposable income in all household types
Notes: Median disposable income in all household types
Notes: Median disposable income in all household types
Notes: National data
Notes: National data
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: National rate, includes non-urban areas
Notes: No distribution of both positive and negative credit data in credit bureaus and registries; Borrowers do not have the right to access their data in the credit registry; Banks cannot access borrower's credit information online in credit registries
Notes: No legal maximum term limit. In 2016, a new law was passed to cap the maximum term to 105 years.
Notes: Please visit the Research Center for the 2007 data.
Notes: Real property tax ranges from 0.2 to 2.8%, depending on property type, use, and location.
Notes: Rental income from a property that the owner uses as their primary residence is considered as Capital Income and is taxed at a flat rate of 30%. All other rental incomes are considered Business Income and taxed at progressive rates.  
Notes: Rental income from a property that the owner uses as their primary residence is considered as Capital Income and is taxed at a flat rate of 30%. All other rental incomes are considered Business Income and taxed at progressive rates.
Notes: Rental income from a property that the owner uses as their primary residence is considered to be "capital income" and is taxed at a flat rate of 30%. All other rental incomes are considered "business income" and taxed at progressive rates.
Notes: SBAB bank was originally a state-owned mortgage institution which was reorganized into a bank in 2010. It now operates as a full-service bank, offering deposits, loans, savings, mortgages, and other financial services.
Notes: SBAB bank was originally a state-owned mortgage institution which was reorganized into a bank in 2010. It now operates as a full-service bank, offering deposits, loans, savings, mortgages, and other financial services.
Notes: SBAB bank was originally a state-owned mortgage institution which was reorganized into a bank in 2010. It now operates as a full-service bank, offering deposits, loans, savings, mortgages, and other financial services.
Notes: Starting in 2016, the maximum term for a mortgage will be 105 years
Notes: Sweden FSA
Notes: Sweden FSA
Notes: Sweden FSA
Notes: Sweden FSA
Notes: Sweden FSA
Notes: Sweden FSA
Notes: Sweden FSA
Notes: Sweden FSA 
Notes: Swedish Board of Housing, Construction and Planning issues, administrates and reports on central government housing guarantees
Notes: The transfer of property triggers stamp duty (transfer tax) at a rate of 4.25 per cent for legal persons (with some exceptions) and 1.5 per cent for private persons.
Notes: The transfer of property triggers stamp duty (transfer tax) at a rate of 4.25 per cent for legal persons (with some exceptions) and 1.5 per cent for private persons. 
Notes: There are no direct subsidies in Sweden. However, borrowers are allowed to deduct 30% of the interest payments from their tax payments.
Notes: There are no direct subsidies in Sweden. However, borrowers are allowed to deduct 30% of the interest payments from their tax payments. 
Notes: There is no HMF in Sweden
Notes: There is no HMF in Sweden
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 135668M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 163372 M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 194062 M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 241,293 M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 247,160 M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 251667 M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 255,905 M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 263,158 M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 271290M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 289966 M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 298430 M
Notes: Total Mortgage Backed Covered Bonds Outstanding = USD 72720M
Notes: Underwriting rules are defined in ”Konsumentkreditlagen” and in “Lag om bank- och finansieringsrörelse”.
Notes: Underwriting rules are defined in ”Konsumentkreditlagen” and in “Lag om bank- och finansieringsrörelse”.
Notes: Underwriting rules are defined in ”Konsumentkreditlagen” and in “Lag om bank- och finansieringsrörelse”.