General Assessment

    Variable(2018)
    Data
    Main constraints in the development of the housing finance sector  
    New developments that will have a major impact on the sector 
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    Notes: <1%
    Notes: 1 ping = 3.305 sq.mt
    Notes: Building tax - annual rate of 1.2% to 2% of its current assessed value; Land value tax - residential land is taxed at a flat rate of 0.2%, if certain prescribed conditions can be met.
    Notes: Building tax - annual tax of 1.2-2% of current value for residential properties Land value tax - land for residential use is taxed at a flat rate of 0.2%
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax on purchase and sale is 6%, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when the LVIT is applied. Current form of deed tax was written in 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax on purchase and sale is 6%, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when the LVIT is applied. Current form of deed tax was written in 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax on purchase and sale is 6%, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when the LVIT is applied. Current form of deed tax was written in 1952.
    Notes: Gains on sales of property are subject to the nation's progressive income tax Gains on sales of land are taxed under Land Value Increment Tax (LVIT) which varies from 20-40%
    Notes: Gains on sales of property are subject to the nation's progressive income tax; Gains on sales of land are taxed under Land Value Increment Tax (LVIT) which varies from 20-40%
    Notes: Gains on sales of property are subject to the nation's progressive income tax; Gains on sales of land are taxed under Land Value Increment Tax (LVIT) which varies from 20-40%
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: Many of the constraints were repealed in 2015 but a few remain in place, especially those regarding high-value property
    Notes: Many of the constraints were repealed in 2015 but a few remain in place, especially those regarding high-value property
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Total dwelling units not made of steel, concrete, or brick, i.e. made of wood, bamboo, and stone.
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate